liuning74 2007-9-13 13:55
巴利语「Dhuna」在内观实修中的重要意涵
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">巴利语「</span><font face="Times New Roman">Dhuna</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">」在内观实修中的重要意涵</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="2">内观研究所</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------</font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在巴利语之中,有些词汇看起来不是很重要,但在内观实修中却有很深的含义与关联。在三藏经典(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Tipitaka</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)里就有这么一个词汇,这个字就是「</span><font face="Times New Roman">dhuna</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」</span><font face="Times New Roman">[</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 1]</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,意思是除去、抖落、摆脱,它是源自「</span><font face="Times New Roman">dhu</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」这个字根,其意为「除掉」。然而,有关实际修持(</span><font face="Times New Roman">patipatti</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)要问的是——除掉什么及如何除掉?佛陀在自说经(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Udana</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)里回答了这些问题:</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">比丘不再造作新的业(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Sabbakammajahassa bhikkhuno</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">并将生起的旧业除去(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Dhunamanassa pure katam rajam</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">到达没有「我」或「我的」禅修境界(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Amamassa thitassa tadino. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">吵闹对他已无意义,他决意专心寂静地禅修(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Attho natthi janam lapetave.[</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 2]</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">佛陀以这段话来描述盘腿端坐、意念坚定的比丘,在经历过去业行所带来的果报时,虽然不断被强烈刺痛的粗重感受所折磨,由于他已彻底了知无常,并未失去清静或平等心。这几行简短的偈颂确实说明了内观禅修</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">—</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">通往究竟解脱之道</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">—</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的技巧。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我们得试着详细了解佛陀所要表达的真正含意为何。内观(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Vipassana</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)这个字的意思是观察事物如其本然的实相,而不是它们所显现出来的表象。这是一种完全没有想象、偏见与妄想所蒙蔽的纯净观察境界,这也是为何佛陀以如其本然、如实观察与彻底了知(</span><font face="Times New Roman">yatha-bhuta nana-dassanamyatha-bhuta nana-dassanam[</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 3]</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)来描述内观的境界,而实修的方式就是透过直接体验与彻底了知来体悟实相。</span></font></p>
liuning74 2007-9-13 13:55
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">自我中心是所有妄想之中最严重也最危险的。我们只因为盲目信仰或智识的缘故,就在情感或知识的基础上接受「无私」或「无我」(</span><font face="Times New Roman">anatta</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的教义,但是在日常生活中,如果实际上我们仍过着自我为中心的生活,那么只接受这样的教义又会带来什么利益呢?实际上,只要我们仍被这种虚幻的自我所淹没,它就会继续地威胁我们。然而,只在知识层面上全然相信此种妄想,不仅危险,而且也是不足的。事实上,我们一直不断地在涌现痛苦,那是因为没有直接体证这些痛苦危难,或没有任何解脱它的方法所致。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">这是因为光有知识并不能彻底灭除此种妄想,唯有修持佛陀称之为一乘道(</span><font face="Times New Roman">ekayano maggo</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的圆满内观技巧,也就是一条和唯一解脱之道:四种觉知力(</span><font face="Times New Roman">satipatthana.[</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 4]</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,即四念住)。当人们被妄想执着所遮蔽时,如何从自身实相中解脱出来?只有透过究竟实相、自我体悟来灭除妄想才能解脱。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">唯有直接体验我们自身的实相,才能使新的心识活动不再生起,并且能将过去累积的旧业(</span><font face="Times New Roman">kamma</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)彻底根除。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">彻底根除过去累积的旧业,而且不再生起任何新业(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Khinam puranam, navam natthi sambhavam.[</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 5]</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">内观如何帮助我们不再造作新结,而且能将旧有的结打开,直到过去所累积的全部根除为止?这段话描述了修持者首先必须正确地盘腿端坐(</span><font face="Times New Roman">nisinno hoti pallankam abhujitva ujum kayam panidhaya[</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 6]</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),然后,秉持坚定的毅力(</span><font face="Times New Roman">adhitthana</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),完全不移动身体,此刻,在最粗重的身体层面上,由于整个身体及语言上的行为完全停止,故不再生起新的身业(</span><font face="Times New Roman">kayika-kamma</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)或语业(</span><font face="Times New Roman">vacika-kamma</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">他仍坚决不动地端坐着,并开始尝试停止造作一切意念上的行为(</span><font face="Times New Roman">mano-kamma</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),如此,他必须变得非常警觉、专注,全然地觉知与警觉,随时保持正确的了知与智慧。警觉于何物?那就是诸行无常(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Anicca vata sankhara</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)、是生灭法(</span><font face="Times New Roman">uppadavaya-dhammino</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><font face="Times New Roman">[</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 7] </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">—</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">无常的实相;在我们身体组织架构之内,每一种复杂现象的生起与灭去。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">任何内观禅修者很快就会了解到表象与本质实相的差异。只要以正确方式客观平等地观察自身之内所有感受,修持者很容易就达到某种境界,那就是经由亲身体验了解到身体上最坚硬的部分除了次原子粒子(</span><font face="Times New Roman">kalapa</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的振动与波动之外,什么也不存在。那些在粗重层面上呈现出坚硬且无法穿透的事物,事实上,在最微细与最根本的层面上,除了微细的波动之外,什么也没有。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">有了这样的觉察之后,人们即可以观察及了知一切的五蕴(</span><font face="Times New Roman">pancakkhandha</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)染着,除了生起灭去的波动之外,什么也没有。这整个心物的现象都具有不断生起灭去的本质。这种永恒不变的无常就是心物的究竟实相(</span><font face="Times New Roman">paramattha sacca</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">);除了许许多多生起即灭去的微细泡沫与波动之外,什么也不是(</span><font face="Times New Roman">sabbo loko pakampito[</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 8]</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。人们在了解所有现象的基本特性只是无常之后,便能进一步了解到无我(</span><font face="Times New Roman">anatta</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,没有我、我的或我的灵魂)的特性。不论人们喜欢或不喜欢某种感受,它们仍以各种形式不断地在身体架构内生起,既无法控制它们,也无法拥有它们,而且也不会随我们所愿,我们因此了解到苦(</span><font face="Times New Roman">dukkha</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的实相。经由这样的亲身体验,人们开始了解到执着于这种不断变化的现象只会带来痛苦,别无其它了。</span></font></p>
liuning74 2007-9-13 13:56
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="2">当人们越深入此究竟实相,就能越稳定地发展智慧。相较之下,如果人们仍被无明所束缚,便会不断地贪求愉悦的感受,并且贪求不愉悦感受的止息,此种贪嗔的心念反应就是最牢固的枷锁。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="2">起初,修持者会发现自己陷于了知无常短暂现象及执着于旧有习性之流的拉锯战之中,这都是因为无明所致。只要不断地练习,他就能学会在实相与妄想之间辨识的技术了。实相出现的时间将越来越久,并且能了知每一个感受都是无常,如此,伴随着每一次体认所得到的了知,就能使我们逐渐从「我」及「我的」的自我意识中解脱出来。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">感受生起即灭去的实相开始主导一切,并且取代了贪(</span><font face="Times New Roman">tanha</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的生起与灭去,因此喜欢或不喜欢这一切生起即灭去的感受也变得毫无意义了。就是这种喜欢与不喜欢的心念转变成非常强烈的执着,并产生「有行」(</span><font face="Times New Roman">bhava-sankhara</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)与「有业」(</span><font face="Times New Roman">bhava-kamma</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,业行是推动下一生的驱动力),进而驱使所有众生陷入无止境的生命轮回之中。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">当心不再起任何习性反应时,就不会造作新的业缘。自然的定律是当意识之流所累积的旧习性反应自动浮现至表层时,就会被根除,而且不再输入新习性反应。只要不断地以了知无常的智慧(</span><font face="Times New Roman">sampajanna</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)保持心的平等,就会到达这个阶段。再次提醒,唯有精进的练习内观,修持者才能平静专注地以无常实相来洞察这些随时生起的旧有束缚。随着我们不断地深入体悟无常,平等心也逐渐增强,而贪与嗔即不再如此强烈。心不再起习性反应时,即不再增加潜在的业缘</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">—</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">它们反而渐渐地被根除了。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="2">然而,有时旧业的果报是如此地强烈,一般的禅修者会丧失所有的平等心,智慧也会逐渐衰微,对实相的了知就会变得模糊不清了,同时也会失去对痛苦的客观观察,并且开始对感受产生分别心,尽管禅修者会在知识的层面上尝试着不起习性反应,但事实上,他已开始认为这种痛苦像永无止尽般,而且此种习性反应将持续着。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">为了体悟所有现象的无常本质,以及摧毁这种显见的坚固认知,禅修者必须经验到心物(</span><font face="Times New Roman">nama-rupa</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)瞬间生灭(</span><font face="Times New Roman">uppadavaya-dhammino</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)的波动及振动,要达到这样的阶段,唯有透过正确的内观禅修</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">—</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">破除这些束缚的正确道路。事实上,内观禅修是为了去尘除垢(</span><font face="Times New Roman">katam rajam</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">—</span><span lang="ZH-CN"><font face="Times New Roman">
</font></span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">从最深层的意识中扫除一切旧有的不净染污。以此梳整与清理的过程当中,所有的结都会自动地松开,而每一根棉絮也会与不净尘垢分离开来。此种纯净心念的波动将扫除过去所有的不净染污。精进于身体感受的内观禅修者都能清楚地体悟这个过程。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="2">当最微细的结仍未松开时,这个梳理的过程就是不完整,同样地,内观的练习必须持续不断,直到身心架构内所有粗重的感受都清除为止。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="2">要如何才能达到这个阶段呢?如下列经文所说:</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">禅修者必须对他或她过去造作的业果保持平等心,而且不论它们有多么痛苦、剧烈与强烈可怖,都必须保持平等心(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Puranakammavipakajam dukkham tibbam kharam katukam vedanam adhivasento</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><font face="Times New Roman">[</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 9]</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p>
liuning74 2007-9-13 13:57
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">如何才能到达呢?无法保持平等心(那就是因为过去的习性而变得激动不安)就是与净化过程完全背道而驰。人们只有发展出警觉,以及对无常智慧的了知,才能对如此强烈的感受保持平等心(</span><font face="Times New Roman">upekkha</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。唯有彻底了知当下一切现象的无常本质实相,人们才能对过去的业果保持平等心,而不起习性反应。禅修者变成苦的公正观察者,而不再是痛苦的人。此种公正无私的平等心能使旧有的束缚根除,而且很快地,将不再有任何的观察者,剩下的只有观察,此外,也不再有痛苦者,而只剩下痛苦本身而已。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">虽然,有时因感受而生起轻微的焦躁不安与分别心也许会再度触发新的贪、嗔习性反应,但只要持续练习,任何警觉的禅修者都会到达「我」及「我的」等妄想灭除的境界(</span><font face="Times New Roman">amamassa thitassa</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。在此种毫无焦躁不安的境界(</span><font face="Times New Roman">avihannamano</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),他或她即可承受任何感受,即使是最剧烈的感受也不起反应。终于到达一切新业习形式的止息为止(</span><font face="Times New Roman">sabba kammajahassa</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。此刻,禅修者已经到彻底专心一念,或持续净化的状态,因为他或她已不再造作新的习性反应,也就是新的意念(</span><font face="Times New Roman">cetana</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)或新业。以此方法,旧有的习性反应自然就会逐渐地被根除(</span><font face="Times New Roman">thokam thokam</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">),而到达心彻底净化的境界(</span><font face="Times New Roman">visankhara gatam cittam</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><font face="Times New Roman">[</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 10]</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。禅修者精进于修持,需要将其所有时间投入于正确的练习(</span><font face="Times New Roman">attho natthi janam lapetave</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)。哪里还有时间耗费在毫无利益的言词之中?每一时刻都很珍贵,丝毫不能虚度光阴,只有将时间浪费在言语中的人才无法了解精进修持的严肃性,而无法正确地用功,也使此种了知实相的神圣修持堕于知识层面上的闲谈,毕竟,唯有透过练习才能达到解脱,语言上的讨论是永远无法解脱的。</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="2">这就是为什么佛陀要赞扬那些在这条真正解脱之道上精进修持的比丘们。盘腿端坐坚定地以敏锐的警觉力及彻底了知无常的智慧来承受过去业行所带来的果报,受尽剧烈、刺痛及粗重感受的磨难,不再造作新业,而且当旧有的不净染污生起,便将它们灭除,而不再有丝毫的「我」及「我的」存在。</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><font size="2">注释:(均参考内观研究所版本)</font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">1. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在所有三藏典籍中,此字共出现</span><font face="Times New Roman">19</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">次</span></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">2. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">自说经(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Udana</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 21</font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">3. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">无碍解道</span><font face="Times New Roman"> (Patisambhidamagga) 1.18</font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">4. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">长部</span><font face="Times New Roman">(Digha Nikaya) 2.373</font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">5. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小诵</span><font face="Times New Roman">(Khuddaka-Patha) 6.15; </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">经集(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Suttanipata</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><font face="Times New Roman"> 238</font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">6. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">自说经(</span><font face="Times New Roman">Udana</font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="ZH-CN">
</span>21</font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">7. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">长部</span><font face="Times New Roman">(Digha Nikaya) 2.221</font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">8. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">相应部</span><font face="Times New Roman">(Samyutta Nikaya) 1.1.168</font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">9. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">自说经</span><font face="Times New Roman">(Udana) 21</font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt;"><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman">10. </font><span lang="ZH-CN" style="FONT-FAMILY: SimSun; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">法句经</span><font face="Times New Roman">(Dhammapada) 154</font></font></p>