查看完整版本: “佛教基础知识有奖问答”试题（14）

“佛教基础知识有奖问答”试题（14）

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">1.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">借花献佛的典故<span lang="EN-US">,</span>说的是哪两位的前身之事<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>释尊和耶输陀罗。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">2.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">偈赞：‘佛光照耀最第一，故佛又号光炎王。’赞讼的是哪位佛<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>阿弥陀佛。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">3.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">所有佛法<span lang="EN-US">,</span>不外乎教证二法<span lang="EN-US">,</span>请问什么是“教<span lang="EN-US">”,</span>什么是“证”<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>以言语宣说者，称为教；基于教说而实践者，称为教道或教行；而契合悟境真理之实践，则称证道或证行。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">《俱舍论》释曰<span lang="EN-US">:</span>“教谓契经<span lang="EN-US">,</span>调伏<span lang="EN-US">,</span>对法<span lang="EN-US">,</span>证谓三乘菩提分法<span lang="EN-US">”</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">4.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">以经典用的语言来划分<span lang="EN-US">,</span>可分成三大语系佛教<span lang="EN-US">,</span>请问是哪三大语系<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>巴利语系、汉语系、藏语系。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">5.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">我们要学会感恩<span lang="EN-US">,"</span>四恩<span lang="EN-US">"</span>的说法<span lang="EN-US">,</span>有很多种<span lang="EN-US">,&lt;&lt;</span>大乘本生心地观经<span lang="EN-US">.</span>报恩品<span lang="EN-US">&gt;&gt;</span>中所列举的是哪几种<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>父母恩、众生恩、国王恩、三宝恩。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">6.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">未证实相之理，承认有能爱、所爱二相而起大悲<span lang="EN-US">,</span>此在《维摩诘经<span lang="EN-US">,</span>问疾品》中谓之什么<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>爱见大悲。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">说明<span lang="EN-US">:</span>《维摩诘经<span lang="EN-US">,</span>问疾品》<span lang="EN-US">:</span>“于诸众生<span lang="EN-US">,</span>若起爱见大悲<span lang="EN-US">,</span>即应舍离”。鸠摩罗什注云：‘未能深入实相，见有众生，心生爱着，因此生悲，名为爱见大悲。爱见大悲虚妄不净，能令人起疲厌想，故应舍离。’<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">7.&lt;&lt;</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">大智度论<span lang="EN-US">.</span>卷五<span lang="EN-US">&gt;&gt;</span>中详细分析了信修佛法而获解脱的各种障碍<span lang="EN-US">,</span>请问它把障碍分成了几类<span lang="EN-US">?</span>分别是什么<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>烦恼障、业障、异熟障<span lang="EN-US">(</span>果报障<span lang="EN-US">)</span>。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">说明<span lang="EN-US">:(</span>一<span lang="EN-US">)</span>烦恼障，本性炽然具足贪、嗔、痴三烦恼，致难生厌离，难教诲，难开悟，难得免离，难得解脱。此亦即指恒起之烦恼。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>二<span lang="EN-US">)</span>业障，即五无间业。乃由身口意所造作之不善业。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>三<span lang="EN-US">)</span>异熟障，又作报障、果报障。以烦恼、业为因，所招感之三恶趣等果报。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">8.&lt;&lt;</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">法华经<span lang="EN-US">&gt;&gt;</span>所提到的五障<span lang="EN-US">:</span>欺、怠、嗔、恨、怨<span lang="EN-US">.</span>分别障碍了修学佛法的哪五项<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>障碍了学法五力<span lang="EN-US">:</span>欺能障信；怠能障进；嗔能障念；恨能障定；怨能障慧。（《法华玄义释签卷一上》）<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">9.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">佛典中所列的凡圣二种生死方式<span lang="EN-US">,</span>请问是哪两种<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>分段生死<span lang="EN-US">,</span>变易生死。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">说明<span lang="EN-US">:</span>《成唯识论》卷八云<span lang="EN-US">:</span>生死有二：<span lang="EN-US">(</span>一<span lang="EN-US">)</span>分段生死，谓诸有漏善不善业，由烦恼障缘助势力所感，三界粗异熟果，身命短长随因缘力，有定齐限，故名分段。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>二<span lang="EN-US">)</span>不思议变易生死，谓诸无漏有分别业，由所知障缘助势力所感，殊胜细异熟果，由悲愿力，改转身命，无定齐限，故名变易。无漏定愿正所资感，妙用难测，各不思议，或名意成身，随意愿成故。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">10.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">《涅槃经<span lang="EN-US">.</span>卷二十九》曰：‘解脱二种：一者子断，二者果断’<span lang="EN-US">,</span>请问什么叫子断<span lang="EN-US">,</span>什么叫果断<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>断感业曰子断，离苦果曰果断。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">11.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">“名色”和五蕴是什么关系？请分别说之。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>名色亦为五蕴之总称。此乃因五蕴中受、想、行、识等四蕴为心法，无形体可见，而须藉名以诠显之，故称四蕴为名；色蕴系极微所成，为有质碍之物体，故称为色。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">12.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">《俱舍论<span lang="EN-US">.</span>卷四》中<span lang="EN-US">,</span>怎么来说明“心”的<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>集起故名心。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">13.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">唯识学中认为<span lang="EN-US">,</span>业因的种子藏在哪里<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>阿赖耶识。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">14.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">刹那是古印度最小的时间单位<span lang="EN-US">,</span>《俱舍论》谓<span lang="EN-US">,</span>壮士一弹指<span lang="EN-US">,</span>已经历几个“刹那”<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:65</span>刹那。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">15.&lt;&lt;</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">大智度论<span lang="EN-US">.</span>卷三十<span lang="EN-US">&gt;&gt;</span>中谓<span lang="EN-US">,</span>五种不可以心思计议的事是什么<span lang="EN-US">?(</span>本题<span lang="EN-US">2000</span>分<span lang="EN-US">)<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>众生多少、业力、龙力、禅定力、佛力。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">16.&lt;&lt;</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">长阿含经<span lang="EN-US">,</span>卷二十<span lang="EN-US">&gt;&gt;</span>说有四大天神<span lang="EN-US">,</span>请问是哪四位<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>地水风火四神。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">17.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">乾闼婆、毗舍阇、鸠槃茶、薛荔多、诸龙、富单那、夜叉、罗刹合称为什么<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>八部鬼众。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">18.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">“三性”是印度唯识学派之重要主张，也是我国法相宗之根本教义。请问是哪三个自性<span lang="EN-US">?<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>遍计所执性、依他起性、圆成实性。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">19.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">《楞伽经<span lang="EN-US">.</span>卷七》中<span lang="EN-US">,</span>对迷法、悟法之本质作了五项归纳和总结<span lang="EN-US">,</span>请问是哪五项<span lang="EN-US">?</span>并分列哪些是迷法<span lang="EN-US">,</span>哪些是悟。<span lang="EN-US">(</span>本题<span lang="EN-US">3000</span>分<span lang="EN-US">)<p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>迷法<span lang="EN-US">:</span>名、相、分别（妄想）；悟法<span lang="EN-US">:</span>正智、如如（真如）。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">说明<span lang="EN-US">:</span>名指于现象界所立之假名；相指有为法各自因缘而生，呈各种现象之差别貌；分别乃由上述之名、相二法起分别心，产生虚妄之念；正智为契合真如之智慧；真如（如如）即是一切存在之本体，亦即如实平等之真理。前三者为迷法，后二者为悟法。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">20.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">请说出着五衣之搭衣偈。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">答<span lang="EN-US">:</span>善哉解脱服，无上福田衣；我今顶戴受，世世不舍离。<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 6pt 0cm 0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;"><p>&nbsp;</p></span></p>