极乐世界四土生因(摘自大安法师净土教程)
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 5pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">往生西方极乐世界悉以发菩提心，一向专念阿弥陀佛为正因。而由念佛功夫的浅深、断惑的程度决定往生极乐世界的境界，为何土所摄。四土的差别只是就往生者的根机而论。在西方净土本身并无此分别。极乐世界乃是阿弥陀佛依无漏善根所成的唯一清净的净土，而四土的差别乃是往生者唯识所变。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = O /><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 31.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 2.11; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">一、凡圣同居土生因<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 5pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">净业行人信愿持名，未断见思惑，以一向专念之力，得蒙阿弥陀佛愿力加持，临命终时，舍娑婆世界同居秽，生极乐世界同居净。得生净土，即截断生死轮回之苦，故名为横出三界。带业往生的凡夫依念佛功夫的浅深分为三辈九品。而十方世界凡圣同居土的凡夫，须断尽见思二惑，方得漏尽通，始截生死流，出凡圣同居土而升方便有余土，此名竖出三界，其事甚难。净宗念佛带业往生净土，其事至易，故名易行道。如是方便直截，殊胜稀有，乃十方世界之所无。故知极乐世界凡圣同居土，胜于十方佛土，良有以也。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 31.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 2.11; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">二、方便有余土生因<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 5pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">若人念佛功深，以离杂乱之心专念一句名号，或系缘忆念阿弥陀佛相好光明，心口相应，字字分明，心不离佛，佛不离心，念念相续无有间断，如是念佛，名事一心。若达此境界，虽不求断惑，而见思烦恼自然断落，则从娑婆凡圣同居秽土，横生极乐世界方便有余土。此土以伏断尘沙惑的程度分三辈九品。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 31.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 2.11; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">三、实报无障碍土生因<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 5pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">若忆佛念佛历历分明，行住坐卧唯此一念，无第二念，不为贪瞋烦恼诸念之所杂乱，是名事一心。事上即得，理上未彻，属定门摄，未有慧故。若于百尺竿头更进一步，于自本性忽然契合，了知能念所念唯是一心，不住有念，不落无念。诚如莲池大师所云：“若言其有，则能念之心本体自空，所念之佛了不可得；若言其无，则能念之心灵灵不昧，所念之佛历历分明。”（《弥陀疏钞》）无念而念，念而无念，言思路绝，不可名状，唯是一心，清净本然之体，更有何法而得杂乱，是名理一心。属慧门摄，兼得定故。念佛若达理一心，破一分无明，则生实报庄严土，同时分证常寂光土。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 31.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 2.11; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">四、常寂光土生因<SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 5pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">法身大士任运进道，四十二品无明，生住异灭四相，悉皆断尽，即生实报庄严土上上品，而证究竟无上菩提，究竟无余涅槃，常寂光净土。实报庄严土与常寂光土，以无明惑的多寡而区别。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 5pt 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 30pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">天台家以六即佛判摄由凡至圣的六个阶位。理即佛、名字即佛、观行即佛、相似即佛、分证即佛、究竟即佛。从事相上申言六个阶位，欲令行人免于增上慢，未证谓证。从理体上申言<SPAN style="font-emphasize: dot">即</SPAN>，欲令行人免于退屈，高推圣境。兹将古德六即佛偈颂。转述如下：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-TOP: 5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 29.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 1.94; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">理即：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">动静理全是，行藏事尽非。冥冥随物转，杳杳不知归。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-TOP: 5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 29.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 1.94; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">名字即：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">乍听无生曲，才闻不死歌。方知当体是，翻恨自蹉跎。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-TOP: 5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 29.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 1.94; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">观行即：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">念念照常理，心心息幻尘。遍观诸法性，非假亦非真。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-TOP: 5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 29.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 1.94; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">相似即：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">四住虽先落，六尘未尽空。眼中犹有翳，空里见花红。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-TOP: 5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 29.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 1.94; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">分证即：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">豁尔心开悟，湛然一切通。穷源犹未尽，尚见月朦胧。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-TOP: 5pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 29.1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 1.94; mso-char-indent-size: 15.0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">究竟即：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">昔年真是妄，今日妄皆真。但复本时性，更无一法新。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>